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The E and B Experiment
The E and B Experiment (EBEX) will measure the cosmic microwave background radiation of a part of the sky during two sub-orbital (high altitude) balloon flights. It is an experiment to make large, high-fidelity images of the CMB polarization anisotropies. By using a telescope which flies at over 42,000 metres high, it is possible to reduce the atmospheric absorption of microwaves to a minimum. This allows massive cost reduction compared to a satellite probe, though only a small part of the sky can be scanned and for shorter duration than a typical satellite mission such as WMAP.
The first flight was an engineering flight over North America in 2009. For the science flight, EBEX was launched on 29 December 2012, near McMurdo Station in Antarctica.〔(Blog post from a member of the EBEX science team describing the launch. )〕〔(YouTube video of the EBEX launch. )〕 It circled around the South Pole using the polar vortex winds before landing on 24 January 2013 about 400 miles from McMurdo.〔(Blog post describing the landing. )〕
==Instrumentation==
EBEX consists of a 1.5 m Dragone-type telescope that provides a resolution of 8 arcminutes in frequency bands centered on 150, 250, and 410 GHz. Polarimetry is achieved with a continuously-rotating achromatic half-wave plate supported by a superconducting magnetic bearing and a fixed wire grid polarizer. The wire grid is mounted at 45 degrees to the incoming light beam and transmits one polarization state while reflecting the other. Each polarization state is subsequently detected by its own focal plane with a 6 degree instantaneous field-of-view on the sky. Each of the focal planes contains up to 960 transition-edge sensors read out with frequency-domain SQUID multiplexing.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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